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Tesla Inc. and the electric-car industry generally thrive in the world’s richest nations. Not so in Australia, where even tractors outsell EVs two to one.
More than four decades after Mel Gibson’s super-charged Ford Falcon roared across the country in Mad Max, the car-loving nation is defying a global shift to electrification. Battery-powered vehicles made up just 0.7% of Australia’s new car sales in 2020, while in the U.K. and European Union, the figure soared to more than 10%.
The resistance is drawing the ire of global automakers, which are delaying or skipping vehicle releases in Australia to supply markets that offer EV subsidies and have more aggressive emissions targets. Volkswagen AG, Europe’s largest automaker, likens Australia’s EV policies to those of a “third-world country.”
In Australia -- where Tesla Chair Robyn Denholm is based -- efforts to de-carbonize road transport are among the worst in the Group of 20 nations, according to BloombergNEF.
Australia the Laggard
Nation's policies to decarbonize transport are rated among lowest in G20
BloombergNEF
Australia’s ranking behind developing countries like Indonesia and Turkey reflects an ideological battle between a conservative government stifling electric-vehicle growth and a global car industry committed to technological upheaval.
Australia is a “uniquely hostile market” for EV makers, according to Behyad Jafari, chief executive officer of the Sydney-based Electric Vehicle Council. National policies make its citizens look like “a bunch of gas-guzzlers,” said Jafari, who wants subsidies for EV buyers like those in the U.K. and Europe.
Transport accounts for 18% of emissions in Australia, one of the world’s biggest per-capita polluters. Last year’s wildfires in Australia that burnt through an area about the size of the U.K. and destroyed at least 3,000 homes highlighted the nation’s susceptibility to climate change.
Read more: The Australian Dream Is Dying in the Wildfires
Yet a 2020 Technology Investment Roadmap from Prime Minister Scott Morrison’s government assigned a lukewarm “watching brief” on battery, hybrid and plug-in hybrid cars. More recently, the government’s Future Fuels Strategy discussion paper in February said new technologies were a chance to cut emissions, but dismissed subsidies as poor value for money.
A Tesla Inc. electric vehicle charges at the automaker’s showroom in Sydney.
Photographer: Brent Lewin/Bloomberg
That risks leaving Australia with the dregs of global EV production and a charging network struggling for investment.
“The government appears to be at best indifferent, at worst opposed, to zero-emission vehicles,” Volkswagen said in a statement. Australian regulation is “in some respects comparable to that of a third-world country.”
VW’s electric ID.3 hatchback, released in Europe last year, and the ID.4 crossover, probably won’t land in Australia until 2023 at the earliest, according to the company, which aims to be the global EV market leader by 2025.
Some Nissan Motor Co. EVs are also skipping Australia. In a statement, the Japanese company blamed “the lack of consistent and cohesive national targets and supporting policies.”
A Volkswagen ID.4 electric Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) inside the VW Autostadt automobile delivery towers in Wolfsburg, Germany.
Photographer: Liesa Johannssen-Koppitz/Bloomberg
Without subsidies, price has become a major obstacle to uptake. Greg Caleo, the Sydney-based head of marketing agency Blue Hat Green, said he’d love an EV -- partly to set an example to his daughters -- but can’t bring himself to spend almost A$80,000 ($61,000) on one. So he’s sticking to his eight-year-old Mercedes. “I’ll drive it into the ground,” Caleo said.
At the end of last year, there were about 50 EV models on the Australian market, though only a handful cost less than their comparable fuel-powered models, government data show. Teslas start at A$66,900 for a Model 3 and stretched to A$189,990 for a high-end Model S. In the U.S., a Model 3 goes for $38,490, while it costs 249,900 yuan ($38,000) in China.
Even Nissan’s little Leaf hatchbacks cost A$50,000 in Australia. That’s as much as A$16,000 more than the base models of Australia’s top-selling vehicles, the rugged Toyota HiLux and Ford Ranger.
Nissan’s Leaf e+ electric vehicle
Photographer: Toru Hanai/Bloomberg
While EV sales in Australia may pick up when they cost the same as traditional cars, demand is still projected to be slow. EVs will account for only 18% of new cars in Australia in 2030, though the figure will reach 64% in 2040, BloombergNEF said last year.
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Fossil fuels and EVs have served as political tools for Morrison, who has become increasingly isolated internationally for refusing to commit to a net-zero target. In 2017, he brandished a fist-sized lump of coal in parliament. “Don’t be scared, it won’t hurt you,” he told the Labor opposition. “It’s coal.”
On the campaign trail two years later, Morrison warned EVs couldn’t tow trailers and boats. Electric cars, Morrison said, would “ end the weekend.” He went on to claim an unexpected election victory.
With little policy certainty and so few EVs on the roads, Australian owners are left with comparatively few places to power up beyond the heavily populated eastern seaboard. Tasmania and the vast Northern Territory, home to Darwin and Alice Springs, have only a few dozen charging stations in total, the Electric Vehicle Council said in its annual report last year.
Read more: The Switch to EVs Needs Plugs on the World’s Remotest Roads
“The lack of policy is the catalyst that causes all the other issues,” said Jafari, the council’s CEO
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